Canada's System of Justice

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Table of Contents

• Introduction
• What is the Law
  • Why we need laws
  • What other goals do laws achieve?
  • Public law and private law
• Where Our Legal System Comes From
  • The common-law tradition
  • The civil-law tradition
  • Aboriginal traditions
  • Parliament
• Keeping the Law Up to Date
  • Law reform
  • Changing laws
• The Canadian Constitution
  • What type of government is described by our Constitution?
  • What is a federal system?
• Rights and Freedoms in Canada
  • The role of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
  • What rights does the Charter protect?
    • Fundamental freedoms
    • Democratic rights
    • Mobility rights
    • Legal rights
    • Equality rightsLanguage rights
    • Language rights
    • Minority-language educational rightsAboriginal rights
    • Aboriginal rights
  • Other rights
• The Judicial Structure
  • How the courts are organized
  • What do the federal courts do?
  • Provincial and territorial courts
  • Administrative boards and tribunals
• Civil and Criminal Cases
  • How do civil cases proceed?
  • What happens at a civil trial?
  • Decisions in civil cases
  • How do criminal cases proceed?
  • What happens in a criminal trial?
  • Victims of crime
  • Decisions in criminal cases
  • Can a decision be appealed?
  • How does restorative justice fit in?
  • Youth justice
• The Role of the Public
  • What are our duties under the law?
  • Jury duty
  • Testifying in court
  • Knowing the law

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