Pre-Trial Detention Under the Young Offenders Act: A Study of Urban Courts
TABLE 3.1 -
DEMOGRAPHIC AND SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF YOUNG PERSONS DETAINED BY POLICE AT APPREHENSION, BY COURT LOCATION
|
Halifax-Dartmouth |
Toronto (2 courts) |
Winnipeg |
Edmonton |
Vancouver |
Surrey |
Total sample |
| % detained by police at apprehension |
| All cases b |
27.7% (332) |
53.1% (392) |
49.2% (360) |
37.6% (396) |
80.4% (163) |
35.6% (146) |
45.2% (1789) |
Gender
|
Halifax-Dartmouth |
Toronto (2 courts) |
Winnipeg |
Edmonton |
Vancouver |
Surrey |
Total sample |
| % detained by police at apprehension |
| Male |
30.1% (279) |
54.1% (320) |
50.4% (276) |
36.6% (303) |
78.0% (123) |
34.2% (117) |
45.3% (1418) |
| Female |
15.1% (53) |
48.6% (72) |
45.2% (84) |
40.9% (93) |
87.5% (40) |
41.4% (29) |
44.7% (371) |
Age
|
Halifax-Dartmouth |
Toronto (2 courts) |
Winnipeg |
Edmonton |
Vancouver |
Surrey |
Total sample |
| % detained by police at apprehension |
| 12-13 years |
10.5% (38) |
41.7% (48) |
46.7% (45) |
27.9% (43) |
90.0% (20) |
33.3% (15) |
38.3% (209) |
| 14-15 years |
26.5% (117) |
50.4% (131) |
49.3% (140) |
33.1% (148) |
85.7% (42) |
41.5% (65) |
43.2% (643) |
| 16-17 years |
33.7% (169) |
57.3% (211) |
50.6% (160) |
42.6% (202) |
79.3% (92) |
31.3% (64) |
48.8% (898) |
Race
|
Halifax-Dartmouth |
Toronto (2 courts) |
Winnipeg |
Edmonton |
Vancouver |
Surrey |
Total sample |
| % detained by police at apprehension |
| White |
30.8% (208) |
53.0% (185) |
38.7% (119) |
38.9% (126) |
74.7% (75) |
38.5% (104) |
43.2% (817) |
| Aboriginal |
50.0% (2) |
75.0% (8) |
57.9% (190) |
48.1% (108) |
92.3% (39) |
44.4% (9) |
58.7% (356) |
| Black |
26.9% (67) |
61.0% (118) |
63.6% (11) |
28.6% (7) |
100.0% (4) |
0% (3) |
49.0% (210) |
| Other |
20.0% (15) |
39.1% (69) |
38.5% (13) |
59.1% (22) |
82.1% (39) |
22.7% (22) |
47.2% (180) |
| Not known |
15.0% (40) |
41.7% (12) |
33.3% (27) |
24.8% (133) |
50.0% (6) |
37.5% (8) |
26.1% (226) |
Living arrangements
|
Halifax-Dartmouth |
Toronto (2 courts) |
Winnipeg |
Edmonton |
Vancouver |
Surrey |
Total sample |
| % detained by police at apprehension |
| With 1-2 parents or with parents but N not known |
28.0% (149) |
46.2% (238) |
45.5% (209) |
45.1% (122) |
81.4% (79) |
30.1% (83) |
43.1% (929) |
| With other relatives/guardian |
57.1% (14) |
89.5% (19) |
62.5% (24) |
22.2% (9) |
71.4% (7) |
0% (1) |
63.5% (74) |
| In foster/group home |
13.0% (23) |
70.4% (27) |
58.7% (63) |
35.2% (54) |
90.3% (31) |
45.0% (20) |
52.8% (218) |
| With friends, independently |
50.0% (12) |
75.0% (4) |
0% (5) |
50.0% (2) |
100.0% (2) |
50.0% (2) |
48.1% (27) |
| No stable residence, nfa |
62.5% (16) |
90.9% (44) |
91.3% (23) |
46.9% (32) |
76.9% (13) |
57.1% (7) |
74.1% (135) |
| Not known |
8.6% (58) |
23.5% (51) |
18.5% (27) |
30.6% (118) |
72.5% (40) |
39.4% (33) |
30.6% (379) |
Active in school or work?
|
Halifax-Dartmouth |
Toronto (2 courts) |
Winnipeg |
Edmonton |
Vancouver |
Surrey |
Total sample |
| % detained by police at apprehension |
| No |
38.3% (94) |
82.0% (89) |
59.1% (93) |
50.0% (96) |
79.6% (54) |
39.5% (43) |
58.0% (469) |
| Yes |
28.4% (162) |
45.8% (238) |
46.7% (229) |
39.4% (104) |
83.6% (73) |
29.7% (64) |
44.0% (870) |
| Not known |
13.2% (76) |
40.0% (65) |
39.5% (38) |
30.5% (196) |
75.0% (36) |
41.0% (39) |
34.2% (450) |
Gang association
|
Halifax-Dartmouth |
Toronto (2 courts) |
Winnipeg |
Edmonton |
Vancouver |
Surrey |
Total sample |
| % detained by police at apprehension |
| No known association |
na |
na |
41.3% (150) |
na |
na |
na |
45.2% (759) |
| Suspected association |
|
|
64.7% (153) |
|
|
|
63.9% (219) |
| Not known |
|
|
28.1% (57) |
|
|
|
40.2% (811) |
Notes:
- The numbers in brackets are the numbers on which the percentages are based.
- na The proportion of "not knowns" is very high.
- b The "all cases" percentages and numbers differ from those in Table 2.1 because the small number of cases where the youth was already in detention or custody have been removed for this analysis.
